Skin Diseases & STD

Skin Diseases/ Skin Problems 


CHRONIC SKIN DISEASES

• Eczema/ Dermatitis
• Psoriasis
• Acne
• Rosacea/ Acne Rosacea

INFECTIONS

• Bacterial   Boils
• Fungal
  
  
  
  • Ring worm
  • Athlete's Foot
  • Fungal Nail Infection


• Viral
  
  
  
  • Chicken Pox
  • Herpes Zoster
  • Herpes Labialis
  • Warts
  • Molluscum contagiosum
  
  

ACUTE SKIN DISEASES

• Urticaria/  Hives
• Itching
• Sunburn
• Rashes

SKIN DISCOLORATION

• Moles, Freckles
• Vitiligo
• Birthmarks

 

Its term for group of medical conditions that cause skin to become inflamed or irritated.

Most common type is Atopic eczema

Most of the people experience symptoms on and off throughout the life. The disease cannot be cured but can be controlled with proper treatment.

 
What are symptoms of Eczema?

• Itching
• Rash-commonly effects  face, neck, back of knees and arms. Can spread to whole body.
• Skin becomes dry, thickened and scaly
• Pigmentation in dark skin type

What causes Eczema?

The exact cause of eczema is unknown. It is thought to be an overactive response of the body's immune system to an irritant. It is this response that causes symptoms of eczema.

Commonly found in families with history of allergies or asthma.


How is Eczema treated?

Goal of treatment for eczema is to relieve and prevent itching.

• Lotions and creams to keep skin moist, these should be applied when the skin is damp.
• Cold compresses
• Topical steroid creams
• Oral steroids
• Phototherapy

How can eczema flares be prevented?

• Moisturize frequently
• Avoid sudden changes in temperature
• Avoid sweating
• Reduce stress
• Avoid wool
• Avoid harsh soaps and detergents
• Be aware of the foods that aggravate your problem

Quick facts about eczema

• Eczema is not contagious
• Eczema runs in families
• Eczema is not an allergic reaction.

Triggers in Eczema
Trigger does not cause eczema, but can make it worse.

• Wool
• Soaps and cleansers
• Makeup
• Dust and sand
• Irritants in environment
• Cold, flu
• Allergic reaction to mold, pollen
• Stress
• Hot showers
• Not using lubricant after bath
• Winter

 



 

Precautions for Rosacea

• Avoid sun exposure
• Use broad spectrum sunscreen
• Avoid activity in hot weather
• Avoid spicy foods, alcohol, and hot beverages
• Reduce stress

Facts about Rosacea

• Not contagious
• Chronic skin disease
• Rosacea cannot be cured, but it may be controlled with treatment.

When to see dermatologist of Rosacea/ Facial Redness?
Over-the-counter skin care products contain acids, alcohol and other irritants- that may worsen Rosacea.

If you feel persistent redness of your face, see your dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Treatment of Rosacea
Targets to reduce facial redness, skin lesions and symptoms like itching and burning.

• Avoid trigger factors
• Use Sunscreen
• Oral- Tetracycline antibiotics, Retinoids
• Topical-  creams  containig Azelaic acid and Metronidazole
• Chemical peel
• Laser therapy

IPL ( Intense Pulsed Light) Photofacial/ Photorejuvenation

Reduces facial redness
 

WHAT IS FUNGAL INFECTION ?
 

• Tinea/ ringworm infection
• Candida Infection
• Pityriasis Versicolor

Tinea/ Ringworm Fungal Infection
 

• Restrict to dead keratinised tissue
• Stratum corneum of epidermis- Skin fungus
• Fully keratinised hair shaft- Hair fungus
• Nail plate/bed- Nail fungus

Tinea corporis
 

 

• Trunk and limbs
• Erythematous, scaly, circular lesions
• Sharply marginated with raised margin
• Central resolution is common
• Less inflammatory

 
Treatment for fungal infection
Mild- Topical Terbinafine applied twice daily, 2 weeks
Extensive- Oral Terbinafine 250mg OD 2-4weeks
Oral Itraconazole 200mg OD 2-3weeks
 

Tinea capitis
 

• Scalp fungal infection
• Predominantly children
• Adults with AIDS

 
Symptoms of scalp fungal infection
 

• Gray patch- scaling with patchy hair loss